Weight Loss Analysis According to Different Formulas after Sleeve Gastrectomy With or Without Antral Preservation: a Randomised Study.

BACKGROUND: The measurement of weight loss after bariatric surgery is under constant review in order to obtain the ideal standard for reporting weight loss. Several formulas have been proposed for this purpose. Our goal is to analyse weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy, with or without antrum preservation through different measurement formulas. METHODS: A prospective randomised study of 60 patients (30 patients with initial section at 3 cm from pylorus and 30 patients at 8 cm from the pylorus). We calculate the following variables at 3, 6 and 12 months from surgery: BMI, excess weight loss (%EWL), percentage of excess of BMI loss (%PEBMIL), expected BMI, % PEBMIL corrected by EBMI and percentage of total weight loss (%TWL). RESULTS: Weight evolution is similar in both groups, reaching a mean BMI of 33.62 ± 4.35 and 34.48 ± 4.23 kg/m2 respectively 12 months after surgery, closer to expected BMI. TWL follows the same trend, with losses exceeding 30%, although 3 cm group is above the tables of percentiles made with our series. Regarding PEBMIL, the 3 cm group reaches 67.8% classified as excellent, while 8 cm group reaches 62.8% classified as a good result. EWL situates the best results for 3 cm group. CONCLUSIONS: Group 3 cm obtained a lower percentage of suboptimal results using EWL. %TWL places the 3 cm group in higher percentile than 8 cm group. Through EBMI, both groups are equally effective. It is necessary to have standardised dynamic tables for each surgical technique, becoming essential elements to measure weight loss after surgery.

Usefulness of Baltasar's expected body mass index as an indicator of bariatric weight loss surgery.

INTRODUCTION: Determining the best indicator to report weight loss takes on special relevance following bariatric surgery. Our objective is to apply a method proposed by Baltasar et al. to express weight loss results following bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anthropometric data were collected from 265 patients who had undergone Sleeve gastrectomy (SG, n = 172) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP, n = 93) with a 2-year follow-up period. Initial BMI was calculated as well as BMI 2 years after, percentage of excess BMI loss (PEBMIL), expected BMI (EBMI), and corrected PEBMIL. RESULTS: In SG group, average BMI 2 years after surgery fell within a 95 % CI of expected BMI, with an average BMI of 31.58 ± 4.05 kg/m2 in 35-45 BMI group, an average BMI of 33.62 ± 4.96 kg/m2 in 45-55 BMI group, and an average BMI of 37.40 ± 5.93 kg/m2 in 55-65 BMI group. In RYGBP group, average BMI 2 years after the surgery was below than average expected BMI (28.76 ± 3.20 kg/m2 in 35-45 BMI group and 29.71 ± 3.30 kg/m2 in 45-55 BMI group). Results are considered excellent for the group with an initial BMI of above 45 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS: EBMI is a good weight loss indicator, mainly when 95 % CI is taken into account. EBMI is consistent with the results obtained 2 years after surgery in our patients who underwent SG and RYGBP. Corrected PEBMIL is a good indicator for expressing the percentage of BMI loss and offers more realistic values than conventional formula with a cut-off point of 25 points.

Efectos de la transposición ileal, el bypass gastroyeyunal y la gastroplastia vertical en la regulación de la ingesta en un modelo experimental de obesidad relacionada con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / The effects of ileal transposition, gastrojejunal bypass and vertical gastroplasty on the regulation of ingestion in an experimental obesity model associated with diabetes mellitus type 2

Introducción: En el marco de la cirugía metabólica, este estudio pretende valorar la transposición ileal como tratamiento quirúrgico de la obesidad mórbida relacionada con la diabetes mellitus no insulinodependiente gracias a la acción del péptido GLP-1, en relación con el bypass gástrico y la gastroplastia vertical. También determinar las concentraciones de grelina y su contribución a la pérdida de peso para cada técnica. Material y métodos: Animales de experimentación del tipo Zucker Diabetic Fatty, ratas obesas y modelo de diabetes tipo 2. Tres grupos de 10 animales cada uno: a) transposición ileal; b) bypass gastroyeyunal, y c) gastroplastia vertical. Parámetros determinados: pérdida de peso, cambios en la ingesta, valores de glucemia, GLP-1, insulina y grelina en sangre de cada uno de los animales una semana antes de la intervención quirúrgica y a los 15 días de la cirugía. Resultados: La intervención que produce una mayor pérdida de peso es el bypass gastroyeyunal. Hay una disminución de la ingesta calórica significativa para los tres tipos de intervención. No se consigue corregir el estado de hiperglucemia intensa en los tres grupos, aunque en el grupo de la transposición se logra frenar el estado de cetosis. El aumento de GLP-1 es sólo significativo en la transposición ileal. Conclusiones: En la respuesta metabólica a la cirugía no sólo se modifica una única hormona, sino que se establece un estado de regulación y contrarregulación como traducción de una determinada acción quirúrgica. Los animales obesos, cuyo exceso de peso es de causa exógena, pueden ser un buen modelo para otros estudios en esta dirección (AU)

Aim: The continual advances in our knowledge of the pathogenesis and hormonal disorders of morbid obesity lead to new studies in experimental animals and the development of new technical options. The aim is to asses whether ileal transposition can be a good treatment of morbid obesity associated with diabetes mellitus due to the action of intestinal peptide Glp-1 (enteroglucagon) compared to gastric bypass and vertical gastroplasty (VGB). Material and methods: Trial enviroment: experimental animals ZDF rats (Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats). Subjects of the study: three groups of 10 animals each one divided as: a) ileal tranposition; b) gastro-jejunal bypass; c) vertical gastroplasty. Parameters to determine: weight loss, levels of glycaemia, enteroglucagon, insulin and ghrelin in blood, one week before the operation as a baseline control, and 15 days after the surgical procedure. Results: Gastrojejunal bypass produces the most significant weight loss. There is a significant decrease in intake in all groups. Hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia tend to decrease after surgery in all groups, but in ileal transposition there is better control of ketosis. After gastrojejunal bypass and ileal transposition, we observed an increase in GLP-1 levels but were only significant in ileal transposition. Conclusions: Ileal transposition produces a decrease in plasma glucose and better control of diabetes mellitus, which could benefit patients affected by morbid obesity and poor metabolic control. More studies are needed on other models of obesity. A model of exogenous and reversible obesity could be a good option to study the real benefits of the interventions (AU)

[The effects of ileal transposition, gastrojejunal bypass and vertical gastroplasty on the regulation of ingestion in an experimental obesity model associated with diabetes mellitus type 2]. / Efectos de la transposición ileal, el bypass gastroyeyunal y la gastroplastia vertical en la regulación de la ingesta en un modelo experimental de obesidad relacionada con diabetes mellitus tipo 2.

AIM: The continual advances in our knowledge of the pathogenesis and hormonal disorders of morbid obesity lead to new studies in experimental animals and the development of new technical options. The aim is to asses whether ileal transposition can be a good treatment of morbid obesity associated with diabetes mellitus due to the action of intestinal peptide Glp-1 (enteroglucagon) compared to gastric bypass and vertical gastroplasty (VGB). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Trial environment: experimental animals ZDF rats (Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats). Subjects of the study: three groups of 10 animals each one divided as: a) ileal tranposition; b) gastro-jejunal bypass; c) vertical gastroplasty. Parameters to determine: weight loss, levels of glycaemia, enteroglucagon, insulin and ghrelin in blood, one week before the operation as a baseline control, and 15 days after the surgical procedure. RESULTS: Gastrojejunal bypass produces the most significant weight loss. There is a significant decrease in intake in all groups. Hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia tend to decrease after surgery in all groups, but in ileal transposition there is better control of ketosis. After gastrojejunal bypass and ileal transposition, we observed an increase in GLP-1 levels but were only significant in ileal transposition. CONCLUSIONS: Ileal transposition produces a decrease in plasma glucose and better control of diabetes mellitus, which could benefit patients affected by morbid obesity and poor metabolic control. More studies are needed on other models of obesity. A model of exogenous and reversible obesity could be a good option to study the real benefits of the interventions.

Tumor sólido seudopapilar del páncreas / Solid pseudopapillar tumour of the pancreas

No disponible

Hernia diafragmática incarcerada de origen traumático como causa rara de abdomen agudo / Incarcerated traumatic diaphragmatic hernia as an uncommon cause of acute abdomen

No disponible

Effect of cadmium on microbial activity and a ryegrass crop in two semiarid soils.

Soil pollution with Cd is an environmental problem common in the world, and it is necessary to establish what Cd concentrations in soil could be dangerous to its fertility from toxicity effects and the risk of transference of this element to plants and other organisms of the food chain. In this study, we assessed Cd toxicity on soil microorganisms and plants in two semiarid soils (uncultivated and cultivated). Soil ATP content, dehydrogenase activity, and plant growth were measured in the two soils spiked with concentrations ranging from 3 to 8000 mg Cd/kg soil and incubated for 3 h, 20 days, and 60 days. The Cd concentrations that produced 5% 10%, and 50% inhibition of each of the two soil microbiological parameter studied (ecological dose, ED, values) were calculated using two different mathematical models. Also, the effect of Cd concentration on plant growth of ryegrass (Lolium perenne, L.) was studied in the two soils. The Cd ED values calculated for soil dehydrogenase activity and ATP content were higher in the agricultural soils than in the bare soil. For ATP inhibition, higher ED values were calculated than for dehydrogenase activity inhibition. The average yields of ryegrass were reduced from 5.03 to 3.56 g in abandoned soil and from 4.21 to 1.15 g in agricultural soil with increasing concentrations of Cd in the soil. Plant growth was totally inhibited in abandoned and agricultural soils at Cd concentrations above 2000 and 5000 mg/kg soil, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the concentration of Cd in the plants and the total or DTPA-extractable concentrations of Cd in the soil.

Tumor estromal del tracto gastrointestinal / Gastrointestinal stromal tumor

El tumor estromal del tracto gastrointestinal es una entidad poco frecuente y con pocos casos descritos en la bibliografía. Su manejo hasta hace poco era exclusivamente quirúrgico, si bien en la actualidad, en tumores de alto grado cabe la posibilidad de realizar exéresis amplias, ya no sólo con intención paliativa, sino para dar lugar al tratamiento posterior con imatinib mesilato, un fármaco que ha revolucionado y dado esperanza al tratamiento de estos tumores por la elevada tasa de remisiones y su buena tolerancia. Se presenta el caso de una paciente afectada de un tumor estromal del tracto gastrointestinal (GIST) de alto grado en el que la combinación de la cirugía radical y de la terapia farmacológica nos permiten hablar de remisión de enfermedad hasta el día de hoy, 7 meses después de su detección y tratamiento (AU)